Audubon Core dynamic term list

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This page provides an overview of the concepts (= terms) in Audubon Core Development, grouped first by collections and then by Layer 1 and Layer 2:


Index to concepts (all collections combined)

(No concepts defined yet.)


Audubon Core Agents Vocabulary

Index to Audubon Core Agents Vocabulary
By label: Creator  •  Metadata Creator  •  Metadata Provider  •  Provider  •  Provider
By concept name: ac:metadataCreator  •  ac:metadataProvider  •  ac:provider  •  ac:providerLiteral  •  dcterms:creator
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 1
Concept Name: ac:metadataCreator
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/metadataCreator
Label Metadata Creator
Definition Person or organization originally creating the resource metadata record.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:metadataCreator
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Concept Name: ac:metadataProvider
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/metadataProvider
Label Metadata Provider
Definition Person or organization originally responsible for providing the resource metadata record.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:metadataProvider
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Media items and Metadata may be served from different institutions, e. g. in the case of aggregators adding user annotations, taxon identifications, or ratings. Compare Provider.
Concept Name: ac:provider
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/provider
Label Provider
Definition Person or organization responsible for presenting the media resource. If no separate Metadata Provider is given, this also attributes the metadata.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:provider
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Media items and Metadata may be served from different institutions, e. g. in the case of aggregators adding user annotations, taxon identifications, or ratings.
Concept Name: ac:providerLiteral
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/providerLiteral
Label Provider
Definition Person or organization responsible for presenting the media resource. If no separate Metadata Provider is given, this also attributes the metadata.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:providerLiteral
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Media items and Metadata may be served from different institutions, e. g. in the case of aggregators adding user annotations, taxon identifications, or ratings.
Concept Name: dcterms:creator
Normative URI http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
Label Creator
Definition An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.
Defined By http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/#terms-creator
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples Dublin Core: a person, an organization, or a service.
Notes: Dublin Core: Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service. Equivalent property is http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/maker. Audubon Core: The person or organization responsible for creating the media resource. The value may be simple text including contact information. Note that the Creator need not be the Copyright Owner.

Audubon Core Attribution Vocabulary

By label: Attribution Link URL  •  Attribution URL  •  Copyright Owner  •  Credit Line  •  License Logo URL  •  License URL  •  Rights  •  Source  •  UsageTerms
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 1
ac:attributionLinkURL
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/attributionLinkURL
Label Attribution Link URL
Definition The URL where information about ownership, attribution, etc. of the resource may be found.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:attributionLinkURL
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: This URL may be used in creating a clickable logo. Providers should consider making this link as specific and useful to consumers as possible, e. g., linking to a metadata page of the specific image resource rather than to a generic page describing the owner or provider of a resource.
Concept Name: ac:attributionLogoURL
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/attributionLogoURL
Label Attribution URL
Definition The URL of the icon or logo image to appear in source attribution.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:attributionLogoURL
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Entering this URL into a browser should only result in the icon (not in a webpage including the icon).
Concept Name: ac:licenseLogoURL
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/licenseLogoURL
Label License Logo URL
Definition A URL providing access to a logo that symbolizes the License.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:licenseLogoURL
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples Audubon Core: https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/88x31.png (providing access to: 88x31.png)
Notes: Audubon Core: The originating metadata provider is strongly urged to choose a suitable logo as a graphical representation of the license. Failure to do so may leave downstream aggregators in a difficult position to supply a logo that adequately represents the professional, legal, or social aims of the licensors (license givers).
Concept Name: dcterms:rights
Normative URI http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights
Label Rights
Definition Information about rights held in and over the resource.
Defined By http://purl.org/dc/terms/
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples Audubon Core: “Copyright XY 2008, all rights reserved”, “© 2008 XY Museum” , "Public Domain.", "Copyright unknown". This expresses rights over the media resource, not over the metadata text.
Notes: Dublin Core: Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights. Audubon Core: Copyright Statement contains information about rights held in and over the resource. A full-text, readable copyright statement, as required by the national legislation of the copyright holder. On collections, this applies to all contained objects, unless the object itself has a different statement. Do not place just the name of the copyright holder(s) here! That belongs in a list in the xmpRights:Owner field, which should be supplied if dcterms:rights is not 'Public Domain', appropriate only if the resource is known to be not under copyright.
Concept Name: dcterms:source
Normative URI http://purl.org/dc/terms/source
Label Source
Definition A related resource from which the described resource is derived.
Defined By http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/#terms-source
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Dublin Core: The described resource may be derived from the related resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system. This term is intended to be used with non-literal values as defined in the DCMI Abstract Model (http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/). As of December 2007, the DCMI Usage Board is seeking a way to express this intention with a formal range declaration.

Audubon Core: An identifiable source from which the described resources was derived.

If the resource (image, sound, movie, identification key, etc.) was digitized from a non-digital resource, or was also previously published in a digital or printed publication, this describes the original. Do not put generally "related" publications in here. This field normally contains a free-form text description, but it may be a URI (e.g. “digitally-published://ISBN=961-90008-7-0”) if that URI can be resolved and dereferenced to provide a description of the source resource. Can be repeatable if a montage of images. Information about further provenance beyond the ultimate source should be put in the ac:derivedFrom attribute.
Concept Name: photoshop:Credit
Normative URI http://ns.adobe.com/photoshop/1.0/Credit
Label Credit Line
Definition The credit to person(s) and/or organisation(s) required by the supplier of the item to be used when published. This is a free-text field.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Free text for "Please cite this as…" Note: URIs of IPTC terms for Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit IPTC Standard Photo Metadata (July 2010) for further documentation.
xmpRights:Owner
Normative URI http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/rights/Owner
Label Copyright Owner
Definition A list of legal owners of the resource.
Defined By http://www.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/devnet/xmp/pdfs/XMPSpecificationPart1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Concept Name: xmpRights:UsageTerms
Normative URI http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/rights/UsageTerms
Label UsageTerms
Definition A collection of text instructions on how a resource can be legally used, given in a variety of languages.
Defined By http://www.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/devnet/xmp/pdfs/XMPSpecificationPart1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples Audubon Core: "Available under Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license".
Notes: Audubon Core: The license statement defining how resources may be used. Information on a collection applies to all contained objects unless the object has a different statement.

This also informs on the commercial availability of items. Buying an identification tool or media resource is essentially the purchase of an individual license. Examples for such License statements: “Available through bookstores” for a commercially published CD, and “Individual licenses available for purchase” for a high-resolution image. Note that the medium or low resolution levels of the same image may be available under open access licenses. In general, this term determines the default licensing for the media. License terms specific to variants or representations of the media resource (e.g., different resolutions) are dealt within the Audubon Core Service Access Point Vocabulary.

Note: URIs of Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit XMP Specification Part 1, Sec 8.5 for further documentation. XMP Schema is defined in RDF, not w3c schema.
Concept Name: xmpRights:WebStatement
Normative URI http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/rights/WebStatement
Label License URL
Definition A web URL for a statement of the ownership and usage rights for this resource.
Defined By http://www.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/devnet/xmp/pdfs/XMPSpecificationPart1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples Audubon Core: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/.
Notes: Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP): This is a normal (non-URI) simple value because of historical usage.

Audubon Core: A URL defining or further elaborating on the license statement (e. g., a web page explaining the precise terms of use).

The value of this field may provide a complete definition of the terms of use. For Creative Commons, the appropriate value is the URL of the defining Web page for the license.

Where different quality variants (e. g. resolutions of images) are published under different licenses, the AC term “Licensing Exception Statement” supports variant-specific licenses.

Note: URIs of Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit XMP Specification Part 1, Sec 8.5 for further documentation. XMP Schema is defined in RDF, not w3c schema.

Audubon Core Content Coverage Vocabulary

By label: Caption  •  Controlled Vocabulary Term  •  Description  •  Language  •  Physical Setting  •  Subject Category Vocabulary  •  Tag
By concept name: Iptc4xmpExt:CVterm  •  ac:caption  •  ac:physicalSetting  •  ac:subjectCategoryVocabulary  •  ac:tag  •  dcterms:description  •  dcterms:language
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 1
Concept Name: ac:tag
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/tag
Label Tag
Definition General keywords or tags.
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:tag
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples Audubon Core: "flower diagram", "leaf", or "flower color"
Notes: Audubon Core: Tags may be multi-worded phrases. Where scientific names, common names, geographic locations, etc. are separable, those should go into the more specific coverage metadata items provided further below.
Concept Name: dcterms:description
Normative URI http://purl.org/dc/terms/description
Label Description
Definition An account of the resource.
Defined By http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/#terms-description
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Dublin Core: Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource. Audubon Core: Description of collection or individual resource, containing the Who, What, When, Where and Why as free-form text. This normative document is silent on the nature of formatting in the text. It is the role of implementers of an AC concrete representation (e.g. an XML Schema, an RDF representation, etc.) to decide and document how formatting advice will be represented in descriptions serialized according to such representations. It optionally allows to present detailed information and will in most cases be shown together with the resource title. If both description and caption are present in the metadata, a description is typically displayed instead of the resource, a caption together with the resource. The description should aim to be a good text-proxy for the underlying media resource in cases where only text can be shown, whereas the caption may only make sense when shown together with the media. Often only one of description or caption is present; choose the concept most appropriate for your metadata.
Concept Name: dcterms:language
Normative URI http://purl.org/dc/terms/language
Label Language
Definition A language of the resource. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 4646 [RFC4646].
Defined By http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/#terms-language
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples 'en' for English or 'ru' for Russian
Notes: Audubon Core: Language(s) of resource itself represented in ISO639-1 or -3

An image may contain language such as superimposed labels. If an image is of a natural scene or organism, without any language included, the resource is language-neutral (ISO code “zxx”). Resources with present but unknown language are to be coded as undetermined (ISO code “und”). Resources only containing scientific organism names should be coded as "zxx-taxon" (do not use the incorrect “la” for Latin). For regional dialects or other special cases, conform to the IETF Best Practices for Tags Identifying Languages.

As of 2012-04-11, the Dublin Core metadata Initiative recommends the use of a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 4646. For Darwin Core, the latest RFC for ISO 639-1 is the recommended version (RFC 5646 as of 2012-04-11).

Further documentation on the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) language codes can be found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag.

A list of language codes can be found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes.
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:CVterm
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/CVterm
Label Controlled Vocabulary Term
Definition A term to describe the content of the image by a value from a Controlled Vocabulary.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: Yes
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 2
Concept Name: ac:caption
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/caption
Label Caption
Definition As alternative or in addition to description, a caption is free-form text to be displayed together with (rather than instead of) a resource that is suitable for captions (especially images).
Defined By
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: If both description and caption are present in the metadata, a description is typically displayed instead of the resource, a caption together with the resource. Often only one of description or caption is present; choose the concept most appropriate for your metadata.
Concept Name: ac:physicalSetting
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/physicalSetting
Label Physical Setting
Definition The setting of the content represented in media such as images, sounds, and movies if the provider deems them relevant. Constrained vocabulary of: "Natural" = Unmodified object in a natural setting of unmodified object (e. g. living organisms in their natural environment); "Artificial" = Unmodified object in an artificial environment (e. g. living organisms in an artificial environment such as a zoo, garden, greenhouse, or laboratory).
Defined By
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Multiple values may be needed for movies or montages.
Concept Name: ac:subjectCategoryVocabulary
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/subjectCategoryVocabulary
Label Subject Category Vocabulary
Definition Any vocabulary or formal classification from which terms in Subject Category have been drawn.
Defined By
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: The AC recommended vocabularies do not need to be cited here. There is no linkage between individual Subject Category terms and the vocabulary; the mechanism is intended to support discovery of the normative URI for a term, but not guarantee it.

Audubon Core Geography Vocabulary

By label: City  •  Country ISO-Code  •  Country Name  •  Location Shown  •  Province or State  •  Sublocation  •  World Region
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 1
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:City
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/City
Label City
Definition Name of the city of a location. This element is at the fourth level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Optionally, the name of a city or place commonly found in gazetteers (such as a mountain or national park) in which the subjects (e. g., species, habitats, or events) were located. Note: URIs of IPTC terms for Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit IPTC Standard Photo Metadata (July 2010) for further documentation.
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:CountryCode
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/CountryCode
Label Country ISO-Code
Definition The ISO code of a country of a location. This element is at the second level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: The geographic location of the specific entity or entities documented by the media item, expressed through a constrained vocabulary of countries using 2-letter ISO country code (e. g. "it, si").

Accepted exceptions to be used instead of ISO codes are: "Global", "Marine", "Europe", “N-America”, “C-America”, “S-America”, "Africa", “Asia”, “Oceania”, ATA = "Antarctica", XEU = "European Union", XAR = "Arctic", "ZZZ" = "Unknown country" (3 letter abbreviations from IPTC codes). This list may be extended as necessary.

Note: URIs of IPTC terms for Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit IPTC Standard Photo Metadata (July 2010) for further documentation.
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:CountryName
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/CountryName
Label Country Name
Definition The name of a country of a location. This element is at the second level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:LocationShown
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/LocationShown
Label Location Shown
Definition A location the content of the item is about. For photos that is a location shown in the image.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: IPTC Photo Metadata: If the location the image was taken in is different from this location the property Location Created should be used too. Audubon Core: The location that is depicted the media content, irrespective of the location at which the resource has been created.
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:ProvinceState
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/ProvinceState
Label Province or State
Definition The name of a subregion of a country—a province or state—of a location. This element is at the third level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Optionally, the geographic unit immediately below the country level (individual states in federal countries, provinces, or other administrative units) in which the subject of the media resource (e. g., species, habitats, or events) were located (if such information is available in separate fields). Note: URIs of IPTC terms for Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit IPTC Standard Photo Metadata (July 2010) for further documentation.
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:Sublocation
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/Sublocation
Label Sublocation
Definition Name of a sublocation. This sublocation name could either be the name of a sublocation to a city or the name of a well known location or (natural) monument outside a city. In the sense of a sublocation to a city this element is at the fifth level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Free-form text location details of the location of the subjects, down to the village, forest, or geographic feature etc., below the city or other place name, especially information that could not be found in a gazetteer.

Audubon Core distinguishes Locality in the sense of Darwin Core ( = a complete description of a locality, with the possible exception of country names etc., which can be separated into dwc:HigherGeography), and Sublocation in the sense of IPTC/XMP, i.e. the further details below a city or other place name, of a free-form text location within a fully hierarchically arranged grouping (earlier IPTC versions used “Location”, but this has been renamed as of 2008).

Note: URIs of IPTC terms for Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit IPTC Standard Photo Metadata (July 2010) for further documentation.
Concept Name: Iptc4xmpExt:WorldRegion
Normative URI http://iptc.org/std/Iptc4xmpExt/2008-02-29/WorldRegion
Label World Region
Definition The name of a world region of a location. This element is at the first (topI) level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.
Defined By http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-201007_1.pdf
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Name of a world region in some high level classification, such as names for continents, waterbodies, or island groups, whichever is most appropriate. The terms preferably are derived from a controlled vocabulary.

The equivalent Darwin Core fields here forces primary metadata providers to classify world region terms into separate properties for “continent” “waterbody”, “IslandGroup”. By contrast, the Iptc4xmpExt vocabulary only specifies that a World Region is something at the top of a hierarchy of locations.

Note: URIs of IPTC terms for Adobe XMP terms are not resolvable. Visit IPTC Standard Photo Metadata (July 2010) for further documentation.

Audubon Core Taxonomic Coverage Vocabulary

By label: Identification Qualifier  •  Identified By  •  Name According To  •  Scientific Name Synonym  •  Sex  •  Subject Part  •  Taxon Count  •  Taxon Coverage  •  Vernacular Name
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 1
Concept Name: ac:taxonCount
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/taxonCount
Label Taxon Count
Definition An exact or estimated number of taxa at the lowest applicable taxon rank (usually species or infraspecific) represented by the media resource (item or collection).
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:taxonCount
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: Primarily intended for resource collections and singular resources dealing with sets of taxa (e. g., identification tools, videos). It is recommended to give an exact or estimated number of specific taxa when a complete list of taxa is not available or practical. The count should contain only the taxa covered fully or primarily by the resource. For a taxon page and most images this will be “1”, i. e. other taxa mentioned on the side or in the background should not be counted. However, sometimes a resource may illustrate an ecological or behavioral entity with multiple species, e. g., a host-pathogen interaction; taxon count would then indicate the known number of species in this interaction. This should be a single integer number. Leave the field empty if you cannot estimate the information (do not enter 0). Additional taxon counts at higher levels (e. g. how many families are covered by a digital Fauna) should be given verbatim in the resource description, not here.
Concept Name: ac:taxonCoverage
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/taxonCoverage
Label Taxon Coverage
Definition A higher taxon (e. g., a genus, family, or order) at the level of the genus or higher, that covers all taxa that are the primary subject of the resource (which may be a media item or a collection).
Defined By http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core_Term_List#ac:taxonCoverage
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples “Aves” for a bird key or a bird image collection. Do not add the rank (e.g. "class" for the “Class Aves”) in this field.
Concept Name: dwc:identificationQualifier
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identificationQualifier
Label Identification Qualifier
Definition A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner's doubts about the Identification.
Defined By http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples 1) For the determination "Quercus aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia", identificationQualifier would be "aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia" with accompanying values "Quercus" in genus, "agrifolia" in specificEpithet, "oxyadenia" in infraspecificEpithet, and "var." in rank. 2) For the determination "Quercus agrifolia cf. var. oxyadenia", identificationQualifier would be "cf. var. oxyadenia " with accompanying values "Quercus" in genus, "agrifolia" in specificEpithet, "oxyadenia" in infraspecificEpithet, and "var." in rank. 3) For the determinations “cf. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. palmarum”, “Fusarium cf. oxysporum f. sp. palmarum”, “Fusarium oxysporum cf. f. sp. palmarum” the Scientific Taxon Name would always be “Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. palmarum”, with Identification Qualifier “cf. genus”, “cf. species” and “cf. f.sp.”, respectively. In most cases only the lowest taxon is in doubt, but cases exist where good reasons exist to suspect a specific or even infraspecific determination, without having a save generic identification.
Notes: For discussion see http://code.google.com/p/darwincore/wiki/Identification
Concept Name: dwc:vernacularName
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/vernacularName
Label Vernacular Name
Definition A common or vernacular name.
Defined By http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples “Andean Condor”, “Condor Andino”, “American Eagle”, “Gänsegeier”
Notes: For discussion see http://code.google.com/p/darwincore/wiki/Taxon
Concept definitions in Audubon Core Layer 2
Concept Name: ac:scientificNameSynonym
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/scientificNameSynonym
Label Scientific Name Synonym
Definition One or several Scientific Taxon Names that are synonyms to the Scientific Taxon Name may be provided here.
Defined By
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Notes: Audubon Core: The primary purpose of this is in support of resource discovery, not developing a taxonomic synonymy. Misidentification or misspellings may thus be of interest.
Where multiple taxa are present in a resource and multiple Scientific Taxon Names are given, the association between synonyms and names may not be deducible from the AC record alone.
Concept Name: ac:subjectPart
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/subjectPart
Label Subject Part
Definition The portion or product of organism morphology, behaviour, environment, etc. that is either predominantly shown or particularly well exemplified by a media item.
Defined By
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples "whole body", "head", "flower", "mating song", "feces" (dung, droppings, etc.), "canopy" (e.g. of a rain forest stand). Several anatomical ontologies are emerging in http://www.obofoundry.org/
Notes: Audubon Core: No formal encoding scheme as yet exists.
Concept Name: dwc:identifiedBy
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identifiedBy
Label Identified By
Definition A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the Taxon to the subject.
Defined By http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "James L. Patton", "Theodore Pappenfuss | Robert Macey".
Notes: For discussion see http://code.google.com/p/darwincore/wiki/Identification
Concept Name: dwc:nameAccordingTo
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/nameAccordingTo
Label Name According To
Definition The reference to the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied - traditionally signified by the Latin "sensu" or "sec." (from secundum, meaning "according to"). For taxa that result from identifications, a reference to the keys, monographs, experts and other sources should be given.
Defined By http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples "McCranie, J. R., D. B. Wake, and L. D. Wilson. 1996. The taxonomic status of Bolitoglossa schmidti, with comments on the biology of the Mesoamerican salamander Bolitoglossa dofleini (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Carib. J. Sci. 32:395-398.", "Werner Greuter 2008", "Lilljeborg 1861, Upsala Univ. Arsskrift, Math. Naturvet., pp. 4, 5"
Notes: If no nameAccordingTo or nameAccordingToID is given explicitly given for a Taxon record, the "nominal concept" as defined by TCS should be assumed. In most cases, the nameAccordingTo will refer to a publication, but it may also refer to other sources, such as single-copy documents and other documented taxon concept definitions asserted by an individual, institution, or team of individuals.
Concept Name: dwc:sex
Normative URI http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sex
Label Sex
Definition The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Defined By http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/
  Required: No — Repeatable: No
Examples “female”, “hermaphrodite”, “8 males, 4 females” (for unconstrained use)
Notes: The recommended controlled vocabulary includes:

unknowable

undetermined

female

male

hermaphrodite

gynandromorph
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